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Festivals & Events
Year of the Snake: Chinese and Lunar New Year explained
This January, you will hear celebrations of Lunar New Year, Chinese New Year, and the Year of the Snake. But what does it all mean? Here's everything you need to know, and how to celebrate.
While many of us celebrated the New Year on 31 December, for many members of our multicultural community, Lunar New Year is the time to celebrate what the next 12 months will have in store.
Celebrated by an estimated two billion people worldwide, Lunar New Year (Wednesday, January 29 2025) is a time to celebrate the lunar calendar through food, rituals, traditions, and celebrations.
But what is Lunar New Year all about? And what does the Year of the Snake have in store for 2025?
More: Ultimate guide to summer festivals and events in Melbourne and Victoria
Lunar New Year is celebrated across the world, including China, Vietnam and Indonesia. Image: Getty
Why do people celebrate Chinese and Lunar New Year?
What is the Lunar New Year?
Chinese New Year, or Lunar New Year in other cultures, celebrates the second ‘new moon’ on the lunar calendar (also known as a lunisolar calendar). In the northern hemisphere, it also marks the start of spring, a time to reunite with family and the time to wish for luck, wealth, and prosperity for the year ahead.
When is Lunar New Year?
Whilst the date fluctuates depending on the lunisolar calendar, it generally falls in late January to early February. In 2025, the Lunar New Year starts on Wednesday, 29 January.
What is the difference between Chinese New Year and Lunar New Year?
While they can be used interchangeably amongst some groups, there is a distinction. The Lunar New Year is celebrated on different dates by a variety of cultures.
Chinese New Year, while celebrating the same event, is the term used most commonly within China. In other countries that celebrate, the term ‘Lunar New Year’ is more widely used.
Families celebrations include foods that symbolise luck, wealth and prosperity. Image: Getty
Who celebrates Chinese and Lunar New Year?
Chinese New Year is celebrated in China, where it is a public holiday and one of the biggest celebrations of the year.
It is also celebrated as Lunar New Year in Asian countries including Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Singapore, South Korea, and across parts of southeast Asia.
Many people with Asian heritage also partake in the festivities, as it is also celebrated in many Western cities, including Melbourne.
How long do Chinese and Lunar New Year celebrations go for?
Chinese and Lunar New Year generally goes for 15 days – from Lunar New Year’s Eve to the following Lantern Festival (the next full moon).
This year, the Lunar New Year Lantern Festival will start on Wednesday, 29 January 2025, where those celebrating adorn the streets with colourful lanterns to symbolise reuniting with family and the end of the Lunar New Year festivities.
What are the superstitions associated with luck and good fortune for Chinese and Lunar New Year?
Lunar New Year is a time to look towards a new year and good fortune. There are plenty of superstitions around this time, too.
In preparation, people may look to ‘sweep out’ misfortune from the home out of the old year and hang up poems on red paper (couplets) for good luck and prosperity.
On Lunar New Year, it is widely believed not to do any washing of or sweeping on the New Year to avoid ‘washing’ good fortune away, to avoid unlucky words like ‘illness’ or outward crying, and to avoid colours associated with mourning such as black and white.
Door Gods, or mén shén, are hung up in entranceways facing each other to ward off evil spirits.
Why is the colour red used so much?
Many red emblems are also seen on envelopes, clothing, lanterns and decorations. Known as a lucky colour, red is seen to symbolise happiness, prosperity, luck and good fortune.
Dragon dances take place across Melbourne to ward off evil spirits during Chinese and Lunar New Year. Image: Getty
What is the Chinese Zodiac?
The lunisolar calendar follows a 12-year cycle that is represented by the Chinese Zodiac, each with its own animal. The Zodiac assigns animal signs based on birth year, which they attribute with personal attributes and premonitions for the new year. The year 2025 falls to the Year of the Snake.
The origin story in Chinese folklore goes back to an Emperor who wants 12 animal guards, who raced for the highest order. This was won by a rat (first year). We are now in the sixth animal phase on the Zodiac calendar – the snake.
While the Zodiac animals are mostly the same across all cultures that celebrate the holiday, there is one notable difference: in Vietnamese tradition, the fourth animal is the cat, not the rabbit.
What does Year of the Snake mean?
According to the Chinese Zodiac, those born in the Year of the Snake are seen as enigmatic, sensitive, and adaptable.
There are also certain signs of ‘luck’ for those born in the Year of the Snake:
For Snakes, the numbers of 1 and 8, red and black, the directions of west and south bring good luck; pink and purple, 0 and 5, and east are unlucky, which should be avoided if possible.
- Lucky numbers: 1, 8
- Lucky colors: Red, Black
- Lucky directions: West, South
- Lucky flowers: Camelia, Orchid.
It is associated with those born in the following years: 2025, 2013, 2001, 1989, 1977, 1965, 1953.
How do people celebrate Chinese and Lunar New Year?
Traditionally, those who celebrate have a large family meal on Lunar New Year’s Eve, and then enjoy the festivities for the following 15 days. People celebrating may incorporate symbolic traditions, such as eating fish, which is associated with wealth, or noodles as a wish for ‘longevity.’
People may also give red envelopes with money inside (hóngbāo) to others for good wishes, set off fireworks and dragon dances to ward off evil spirits (Nian, the monster afraid of red), offer sacrifices to ancestors for protection, reunite with family and enjoy the festivities.
Different countries have separate traditions. For example, in China and Vietnam, the event correlates with the start of spring, so many floral arrangements adorn houses, streets, and venues.
In South Korea, decorative bird decorations like paper cranes are also hung up for longevity and good fortune. While in Tibet, children bring gifts to their elders, and in Mongolia, a pastry tower is made to represent Mount Sumeru - a holy mountain.
Practising Chinese calligraphy for Chinese New Year Fai Chun (Auspicious Messages) is a part of the festivities. Image: Getty
What’s on for Chinese and Lunar New Year in Melbourne in 2025?
For the Year of the Snake, the city will celebrate with a range of festivities, meals and entertainment around Chinatown in the Melbourne CBD and wider Melbourne.
Central Melbourne
- Celebrate at the Melbourne Chinese Lunar New Year Festival in Chinatown on Sunday, 2 February. Enjoy cultural performances, lion dancers and dragons. Families can head to Golden Square car park for children's activities, including handcrafts, dress-ups and facepainting. Don't miss the iconic 55m Millennium Dragon procession, which involves 150 people.
- Collins Square has festivities and immersive experiences, 27 January to 7 February.
- Try the interactive Snakes and Ladders at QV Melbourne, 28 January to 9 February.
- The Docklands will have live entertainment and activities, Sunday, January 26.
- Queen Victoria Market will have a lion dance performance at Summer Night Market on Wednesday, January 29, and the following morning, Thursday, January 30.
- NGV is welcoming the Year of the Snake with music, food and more. Entry is free, and the Lunar New Year festivities, 1 to 2 February, 10am-5pm.
- Melbourne Museum comes alive with traditional dragon dances, a scavenger hunt, and talks about the fascinating world of snakes, Saturday, 1 February.
- The Melbourne Symphony Orchestra celebrates cross-cultural connections through music, and this year's concert features renowned conductor Lü Jia and pianist Haochen Zhang, Saturday, 8 February.
- Fed Square has free family-friendly performances and activities, Sunday, 9 February.
East Melbourne
- Box Hill Lunar New Year Festival features decorations, activities, food and performances, Saturday, 1 February.
- Victoria Street in Richmond will have performances and entertainment, including lion dances and firecrackers, and food stalls, Sunday, 2 February, noon-10pm.
West Melbourne
- Experience Lunar New Year and Buddhist traditional celebrations at the Quang Minh Tet Festival at Quang Minh Temple in Braybrook, Tuesday, 28 January.
- Point Cook community festival will include cultural performances, live music, stalls, an animal farm, food trucks, and activities for children, Sunday, 9 February.
- The Vietnamese Community in Australia will hold its free TET Festival at Footscray Park, with performances, exhibits, food, fireworks and activities for all ages. 15 to 16 February, 11am-9pm.
